Precision Model Resin e Form 4B: guida alla creazione di modelli accurati di protesi dentali
Nel catalogo di Formlabs sono attualmente disponibili due materiali per la produzione di bite. La Dental LT Clear Resin è un materiale resistente alle fratture per la creazione di bite dentali e occlusali rigidi e duraturi. La Dental LT Comfort Resin è un materiale resistente per la produzione di bite occlusali, bite per uso notturno e mascherine per lo sbiancamento estremamente comodi e durevoli. Entrambi i materiali possono essere lucidati con facilità fino a raggiungere un'elevata trasparenza ottica e resistono allo scolorimento nel tempo.
Questo manuale operativo illustra i passaggi del processo di stampa 3D di bite occlusali con le stampanti 3D SLA di Formlabs. Segui il workflow descritto di seguito per ottenere risultati precisi.
Precision Model Resin e Form 4B: guida alla creazione di modelli accurati di protesi dentali
Apparecchi e materiali necessari
Prodotti da Formlabs:
- Stampante 3D Form 3B/+ o Form 2 (Dental LT Clear Resin (V2))
- Form 2 Resin Tank LT (Dental LT Clear Resin (V2)) o Form 3 Resin Tank (V2) (o versioni successive)
- Build Platform o Build Platform 2
- Dental LT Clear Resin (V2) o Dental LT Comfort Resin
- Form Wash o Form Wash L
- Form Cure o Fast Cure
- Finish Kit o stazione di lavaggio supplementare
Prodotti da terzi:
- Cutting and finishing tools:
- Dry lubricant powder (talcum / baby powder / PTFE powder) (highly recommended)
- Sandpaper (recommended)
- Soft brush (recommended)
- Tool for pushing die out (recommended)
- Various burrs for removing excess resin and touchpoints of supports (adapt to your own preferences)
- Occlusion paper (optional)
- Desktop scanner (if physical impression or model)
Software necessari
Prodotti da Formlabs:
PreForm e firmware nelle versioni più recenti
Prodotti da terzi:
Software di progettazione dentale o esternalizzazione a fornitori esterni
2. Progettazione
Accuracy in printed models forms the foundation for subsequent restoration work. Any errors in the models can directly impact the precision of the restorations.
Restorative models, in particular, demand the highest level of accuracy, unlike models used for thermoforming or similar applications. Accuracy is widely recognized as more critical than speed and reliability. Formlabs’ Form 4B 3D printer, used with Precision Model Resin, excels by delivering high accuracy, speed, and reliability, effectively meeting these three requirements.
In a detailed assessment comparing the accuracy of plaster models and 3D printed models made with Precision Model Resin, we found that 3D printed models are comparable to traditional methods due to the accuracy of the Form 4B and the accuracy of Precision Model Resin. Learn more about how this accuracy calculation was conducted for Precision Model Resin here.
Accuracy of Precision Model
| Formlabs Precision Model Resin printed on Form 4B | Comparator #1 DentaModel printed on Asiga UV Max | Comparator #2 Die and Model 2 printed on SprintRay | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tolleranza di +/-100 μm | 99,9 | 99,7 | 90,4 |
| Tolleranza di +/-50 μm | 97,4 | 91,3 | 62,0 |
| Tolleranza di +/-25 μm | 75,7 | 62,8 | - |
Note: Parts printed at 50 μm layer height.
3D Printed Precision Model Resin Dental Models Meet the Requirements for Restorative Applications
Accuracy in printed models forms the foundation for subsequent restoration work. Any errors in the models can directly impact the precision of the restorations.
Restorative models, in particular, demand the highest level of accuracy, unlike models used for thermoforming or similar applications. Accuracy is widely recognized as more critical than speed and reliability. Formlabs’ Form 4B 3D printer, used with Precision Model Resin, excels by delivering high accuracy, speed, and reliability, effectively meeting these three requirements.
In a detailed assessment comparing the accuracy of plaster models and 3D printed models made with Precision Model, we found that 3D printed models are comparable to traditional methods due to the accuracy of the Form 4B and the accuracy of Precision Model Resin. Learn more about how this accuracy calculation was conducted for Precision Model Resin here.
Accuracy of Precision Model
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Structure: Models can be either solid or hollow.
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Dies: Options include designs with removable dies or fixed preparations, with the option to add extra dies as needed. See below for Formlabs guidelines on removable dies.
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Geometry:
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3Shape: Typically features square-shaped dies with slight conicity and friction bars, enhancing fit and placement by default.
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exocad: Defaults to parallel-walled dies that closely follow the margin line for a consistent fit.
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Additional Options:
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Both 3Shape and exocad support ejection pins and control holes, which are used for visual confirmation of proper seating.
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Both 3Shape and exocad support conical die shapes for easy insertion.
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*We differentiate between plateless (similar to the above-mentioned “alveolar model”) and plate models with cut sections. Plate models are not well suited for 3D printing due to their positioning geometry on the bottom of the model base.
Accuracy of Precision Model
We recommend printing directly on the build platform to take advantage of its benefits:
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Support and Accuracy: The build platform provides the best support structure available in 3D printing, leading to the highest accuracy due to stable printing conditions.
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Efficiency: With the model parallel to the build platform, there is no need for a raft or additional support structures. This results in fewer layers to print, which not only speeds up the printing process, but also reduces resin consumption.
Printing a model directly on the build platform is considered best practice, however, when paired with removable dies or implant analog slots, it can result in suction cups in your 3D print.
How To Avoid Suction Cups With Draining Holes
A suction cup in 3D printing is an area where resin cannot flow freely because it is enclosed by the model walls. This occurs in features like removable die slots, implant analog slots, or due to the model's shape.* The movement of the build platform during printing creates a pump effect, pressurizing and depressurizing the trapped resin, which can negatively impact accuracy.
By adding draining holes, this pressurization effect is neutralized, enhancing the print's accuracy. While Form 4B is less prone to accuracy loss or severe print issues, adding holes at each slot at the base level of the model remains the best practice. Both 3Shape and exocad have options for drain holes in their modeling software, and detailed instructions are available here.
For implant analog slots, we highly recommended that drain holes be added. In addition to eliminating suction cups, a hole at the implant analog slot will enable you to visually inspect the proper seating of the analog. In this case, both for exocad and 3Shape, these holes need to be designed manually.
*Hollow models are not recommended for maintaining the highest accuracy. However, when printing hollow, draining holes are crucial to avoiding suction cups and minimize distortion.
Accuracy of Precision Model
A suction cup in 3D printing is an area where resin cannot flow freely because it is enclosed by the model walls. This occurs in features like removable die slots, implant analog slots, or due to the model's shape.* The movement of the build platform during printing creates a pump effect, pressurizing and depressurizing the trapped resin, which can negatively impact accuracy.
By adding draining holes, this pressurization effect is neutralized, enhancing the print's accuracy. While Form 4B is less prone to accuracy loss or severe print issues, adding holes at each slot at the base level of the model remains the best practice. Both 3Shape and exocad have options for drain holes in their modeling software, and detailed instructions are available here.
For implant analog slots, we highly recommended that drain holes be added. In addition to eliminating suction cups, a hole at the implant analog slot will enable you to visually inspect the proper seating of the analog. In this case, both for exocad and 3Shape, these holes need to be designed manually.
*Hollow models are not recommended for maintaining the highest accuracy. However, when printing hollow, draining holes are crucial to avoiding suction cups and minimize distortion.
Dies produced with Formlabs presets side by side. 3Shape die on the left, exocad die on the right.
How To Avoid Suction Cups With Draining Holes
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Conical dies are easier to insert and user-friendly, although they may present challenges in achieving a tight fit.
- Parallel walls provide even friction along the die, improving stability, but can be more difficult to insert and pose a risk of misalignment.
How To Avoid Suction Cups With Draining Holes
-
Conical dies are easier to insert and user-friendly, although they may present challenges in achieving a tight fit.
- Parallel walls provide even friction along the die, improving stability, but can be more difficult to insert and pose a risk of misalignment.
How To Avoid Suction Cups With Draining Holes
A suction cup in 3D printing is an area where resin cannot flow freely because it is enclosed by the model walls. This occurs in features like removable die slots, implant analog slots, or due to the model's shape.* The movement of the build platform during printing creates a pump effect, pressurizing and depressurizing the trapped resin, which can negatively impact accuracy.
By adding draining holes, this pressurization effect is neutralized, enhancing the print's accuracy. While Form 4B is less prone to accuracy loss or severe print issues, adding holes at each slot at the base level of the model remains the best practice. Both 3Shape and exocad have options for drain holes in their modeling software, and detailed instructions are available here.
For implant analog slots, we highly recommended that drain holes be added. In addition to eliminating suction cups, a hole at the implant analog slot will enable you to visually inspect the proper seating of the analog. In this case, both for exocad and 3Shape, these holes need to be designed manually.
*Hollow models are not recommended for maintaining the highest accuracy. However, when printing hollow, draining holes are crucial to avoiding suction cups and minimize distortion.
Dies produced with Formlabs presets side by side. 3Shape die on the left, exocad die on the right.
How To Avoid Suction Cups With Draining Holes
A suction cup in 3D printing is an area where resin cannot flow freely because it is enclosed by the model walls. This occurs in features like removable die slots, implant analog slots, or due to the model's shape.* The movement of the build platform during printing creates a pump effect, pressurizing and depressurizing the trapped resin, which can negatively impact accuracy.
By adding draining holes, this pressurization effect is neutralized, enhancing the print's accuracy. While Form 4B is less prone to accuracy loss or severe print issues, adding holes at each slot at the base level of the model remains the best practice. Both 3Shape and exocad have options for drain holes in their modeling software, and detailed instructions are available here.
For implant analog slots, we highly recommended that drain holes be added. In addition to eliminating suction cups, a hole at the implant analog slot will enable you to visually inspect the proper seating of the analog. In this case, both for exocad and 3Shape, these holes need to be designed manually.
*Hollow models are not recommended for maintaining the highest accuracy. However, when printing hollow, draining holes are crucial to avoiding suction cups and minimize distortion.
Dies produced with Formlabs presets side by side. 3Shape die on the left, exocad die on the right.
Accuracy of Precision Model
Implant models are a special case in model design requiring high accuracy and a high degree of fit.
Below we provide guidelines to maximize fit when designing implant models for 3D printing with Formlabs Precision Model Resin.
How To Avoid Suction Cups With Draining Holes
A suction cup in 3D printing is an area where resin cannot flow freely because it is enclosed by the model walls. This occurs in features like removable die slots, implant analog slots, or due to the model's shape.* The movement of the build platform during printing creates a pump effect, pressurizing and depressurizing the trapped resin, which can negatively impact accuracy.
By adding draining holes, this pressurization effect is neutralized, enhancing the print's accuracy. While Form 4B is less prone to accuracy loss or severe print issues, adding holes at each slot at the base level of the model remains the best practice. Both 3Shape and exocad have options for drain holes in their modeling software, and detailed instructions are available here.
For implant analog slots, we highly recommended that drain holes be added. In addition to eliminating suction cups, a hole at the implant analog slot will enable you to visually inspect the proper seating of the analog. In this case, both for exocad and 3Shape, these holes need to be designed manually.
*Hollow models are not recommended for maintaining the highest accuracy. However, when printing hollow, draining holes are crucial to avoiding suction cups and minimize distortion.
Dies produced with Formlabs presets side by side. 3Shape die on the left, exocad die on the right.
How To Avoid Suction Cups With Draining Holes
Implant models are a special case in model design requiring high accuracy and a high degree of fit.
Below we provide guidelines to maximize fit when designing implant models for 3D printing with Formlabs Precision Model Resin.
| Offset | Friction bar overlap | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| exocad | Click-in type | 0.060 mm | N/A |
| Screw-type | 0.010 mm | N/A | |
| 3Shape | Click-in type | 0.060 mm | 0.010 mm |
| Screw-type | 0.010 mm | 0.010 mm |
Implant models are a special case in model design requiring high accuracy and a high degree of fit.
Below we provide guidelines to maximize fit when designing implant models for 3D printing with Formlabs Precision Model Resin.
Dies produced with Formlabs presets side by side. 3Shape die on the left, exocad die on the right.
2. Progettazione
2.1 Progettazione dell'apparecchio
2.1 Progettazione dell'apparecchio
exocad
1. The exocad file comes in a zip folder. Extract the files from the zip folder.
2. Place the settings file “FORMLABS Form 4B Precision Model.XML” into [your exocad installation path]/DentalCADApp/library/production
3. Place the settings folder “FORMLABS Form 4 Plateless Model” into [your exocad installation path]/DentalCADApp/library/modelcreator/plates
3Shape
The 3Shape DME file should be imported into your system using the Control Panel Application.
2.1 Progettazione dell'apparecchio
exocad
1. The exocad file comes in a zip folder. Extract the files from the zip folder.
2. Place the settings file “FORMLABS Form 4B Precision Model.XML” into [your exocad installation path]/DentalCADApp/library/production
3. Place the settings folder “FORMLABS Form 4 Plateless Model” into [your exocad installation path]/DentalCADApp/library/modelcreator/plates
3Shape
The 3Shape DME file should be imported into your system using the Control Panel Application.
| Summary of Removable Die Settings | |
|---|---|
| Model / die offset | 0.000 to - 0.015 mm |
| Recommend die slot depth | ≥ 15 mm |
| Maximum angulation recommended | +/- 15° from Z axis |
| Taper if applicable | 2° |
| Implant Analog-to-Model Offsets | See the "Recommended Analog-to-Model Offsets" section |
3. Stampa
3.1 Importazione dei file
Segui le istruzioni per attivare l'area di lavoro Odontoiatria di PreForm. Apri PreForm e imposta il progetto del bite utilizzando un'impostazione predefinita adeguata. A questo link trovi informazioni su come:
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Attivare e utilizzare l'area di lavoro Odontoiatria di PreForm
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Creare un'impostazione predefinita
L'area di lavoro Odontoiatria di PreForm penserà a importare e orientare il bite in modo ottimale e a fornire i supporti necessari.
Segui le istruzioni per attivare l'area di lavoro Odontoiatria di PreForm. Apri PreForm e imposta il progetto del bite utilizzando un'impostazione predefinita adeguata. A questo link trovi informazioni su come:
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Attivare e utilizzare l'area di lavoro Odontoiatria di PreForm
-
Creare un'impostazione predefinita
L'area di lavoro Odontoiatria di PreForm penserà a importare e orientare il bite in modo ottimale e a fornire i supporti necessari.
Segui le istruzioni per attivare l'area di lavoro Odontoiatria di PreForm. Apri PreForm e imposta il progetto del bite utilizzando un'impostazione predefinita adeguata. A questo link trovi informazioni su come:
-
Attivare e utilizzare l'area di lavoro Odontoiatria di PreForm
-
Creare un'impostazione predefinita
L'area di lavoro Odontoiatria di PreForm penserà a importare e orientare il bite in modo ottimale e a fornire i supporti necessari.
3.2 Regolazione dei punti di contatto
The post-processing recommendations for Precision Model Resin are:
| Lavaggio | 5 min in the Form Wash |
|---|---|
| Drying | 30 min dry time on the bench or blow dry with compressed air after taking parts out of the wash and then let dry for an additional 15 min |
| Polimerizzazione | 5 min at 35 °C in the Form Cure or 30 sec at Intensity 2 in the Fast Cure |
Dos and Don’ts When Post-Processing
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Never use brushes or other tools for cleaning. When parts come out of the Form Wash, they are soft, and you might lose accuracy for the model and, more importantly, on the die fit.
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If you have access to compressed air for blow-drying the parts after washing, blow-dry parts immediately after taking them out of the wash while the parts are still wet. This prevents dissolved resin residue in the IPA from settling on the objects and affecting accuracy.
Dos and Don’ts When Post-Processing
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Never use brushes or other tools for cleaning. When parts come out of the Form Wash, they are soft, and you might lose accuracy for the model and, more importantly, on the die fit.
-
If you have access to compressed air for blow-drying the parts after washing, blow-dry parts immediately after taking them out of the wash while the parts are still wet. This prevents dissolved resin residue in the IPA from settling on the objects and affecting accuracy.
Dos and Don’ts When Post-Processing
-
Never use brushes or other tools for cleaning. When parts come out of the Form Wash, they are soft, and you might lose accuracy for the model and, more importantly, on the die fit.
-
If you have access to compressed air for blow-drying the parts after washing, blow-dry parts immediately after taking them out of the wash while the parts are still wet. This prevents dissolved resin residue in the IPA from settling on the objects and affecting accuracy.
3.3 Layout
Dos and Don’ts When Post-Processing
| A | Occlusion paper (optional) |
|---|---|
| B | Sandpaper (recommended) |
| C | Soft brush (recommended) |
| D, E, F | Various burs for removing excess resin and touchpoints of supports (adapt to your own preferences) |
| G | Tool for pushing die out (recommended) |
| H | Dry lubricant powder (talcum / baby powder / PTFE powder) (highly recommended) |
Dos and Don’ts When Post-Processing
-
Never use brushes or other tools for cleaning. When parts come out of the Form Wash, they are soft, and you might lose accuracy for the model and, more importantly, on the die fit.
-
If you have access to compressed air for blow-drying the parts after washing, blow-dry parts immediately after taking them out of the wash while the parts are still wet. This prevents dissolved resin residue in the IPA from settling on the objects and affecting accuracy.
Segui le istruzioni per attivare l'area di lavoro Odontoiatria di PreForm. Apri PreForm e imposta il progetto del bite utilizzando un'impostazione predefinita adeguata. A questo link trovi informazioni su come:
-
Attivare e utilizzare l'area di lavoro Odontoiatria di PreForm
-
Creare un'impostazione predefinita
L'area di lavoro Odontoiatria di PreForm penserà a importare e orientare il bite in modo ottimale e a fornire i supporti necessari.
Dos and Don’ts When Post-Processing
Segui le istruzioni per attivare l'area di lavoro Odontoiatria di PreForm. Apri PreForm e imposta il progetto del bite utilizzando un'impostazione predefinita adeguata. A questo link trovi informazioni su come:
-
Attivare e utilizzare l'area di lavoro Odontoiatria di PreForm
-
Creare un'impostazione predefinita
L'area di lavoro Odontoiatria di PreForm penserà a importare e orientare il bite in modo ottimale e a fornire i supporti necessari.
Use talcum for easier insertion and protection of the die.
3.4 Invio del progetto alla stampante
Formlabs provides a validated set of working removable die settings for ease of use and consistency. However, it is also possible to adjust these settings to individualize the fit for your application. See below how to modify the settings:
| Die is too loose | Decrease the horizontal gap in your model design by 10 µm. Example: Actual die gap = 0.000 mm New die gap = -0.010 mm |
| Die is too tight | Increase the horizontal gap in your model design by 10 µm. Example: Actual die gap = 0.000 mm New die gap = 0.010 mm |
Per inviare il progetto alla stampante, clicca sull'icona di colore arancione a forma di stampante sul lato sinistro della schermata.
Si aprirà la finestra di dialogo "Print" (Stampa). Clicca sul tasto arancione "Print Now" (Stampa ora) o "Upload Job" (Carica progetto) per inviare il progetto alla stampante.
La presenza dell'uno o dell'altro tasto in questa finestra di dialogo dipende dalla configurazione della stampante selezionata.
4. Post-elaborazione
3Shape
Per inviare il progetto alla stampante, clicca sull'icona di colore arancione a forma di stampante sul lato sinistro della schermata.
Si aprirà la finestra di dialogo "Print" (Stampa). Clicca sul tasto arancione "Print Now" (Stampa ora) o "Upload Job" (Carica progetto) per inviare il progetto alla stampante.
La presenza dell'uno o dell'altro tasto in questa finestra di dialogo dipende dalla configurazione della stampante selezionata.
exocad
Precauzioni
- Quando usi un solvente per lavare le parti stampate, assicurati di essere in un ambiente adeguatamente ventilato e di indossare una maschera e guanti protettivi adeguati.
- La resina scaduta o non utilizzata deve essere smaltita in conformità alle normative locali.
- L'alcool isopropilico deve essere smaltito in conformità alle normative locali.
- Usa una soluzione di lavaggio adatta alle parti biocompatibili per evitare la contaminazione.
Posiziona le parti stampate in una Form Wash o Form Wash L riempita con alcool isopropilico e imposta la durata del lavaggio consigliata per la resina per bite che stai utilizzando (Dental LT Clear Resin (V2) o Dental LT Comfort Resin).
For implant analog drain holes, exocad provides a library for this purpose, which can be found during the attachment step in Model Creator:
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Select the “Lab Analog - Cutout to check seating” attachment.
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Place the hole in the model. Placement of the hole should be at a location that allows visualization of the seating of the analog without affecting the security of the analog position.
Risorse aggiuntive
Esplora le risorse di Formlabs per l'odontoiatria e scopri guide approfondite, tutorial dettagliati, whitepaper, webinar e molto altro.
L'odontoiatria, resa più semplice
La Form 4B è una stampante 3D odontoiatrica che permette di realizzare parti in modo estremamente rapido attingendo da un vastissimo catalogo di materiali per applicazioni odontoiatriche e ortodontiche. Sfrutta i workflow semplici e la straordinaria affidabilità dell'ecosistema Form 4B per creare modelli dentali e apparecchi biocompatibili di alta qualità.
